LRC - Publications

Publications 1980 to present Language Research Center
Georgia State University
Research supported by NICHD and NASA

Beran, M. J., Evans, T. A., & Harris, E. H. (in press). Perception of food amount by chimpanzees based on the number, size, contour length, and visibility of items. Animal Behaviour.

Beran, M. J., Johnson-Pynn, J. S., & Ready, C. (in press). Quantity representation in pre-school children and rhesus monkeys: Linear versus logarithmic scales. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology.

Beran, M. J., Evans, T. A., Leighty, K. A., Harris, E. H., & Rice, D. (in press). Summation and quantity judgments of sequentially presented sets by capuchin monkeys (Cebus apella). American Journal of Primatology.

Evans, T. A., Beran, M. J., Chan, B., Klein, E. D., & Menzel, C. R. (in press). An efficient computerized testing method for the capuchin monkey (Cebus apella): Adaptation of the LRC-CTS to a socially housed nonhuman primate species. Behavior Research Methods.

Flemming, T. M., Berna, M. J., Thompson, R. K. R., Kleider, H. M., & Washburn. (in press). What meaning means for same and dffierent: Analogical reasoning in humans (Homo sapiens), chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) and rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta). Journal of Comparative Psychology.

Rumbaugh, D. M., Washburn, D. A., King, J. E., Beran, M. J., & Gould, K. L. (in press). Why some apes imitate and/or emulate observed behavior and others do not: Fact, theory, and implications for our kind. Journal of Cognitive Education and Psychology.

Smith, J. D., Beran, M. J., Coutinho, M. V. C., Couchman, J. J. (in press). The comparative study of metacognition: Sharper paradigms, safer inferences. Psychonomic Bulletin and Review.

Beran, M. J. (2008). Capuchin monkeys (Cebus apella) succeed in a test of quantity conservation. Animal Cognition, 11, 109-116.

Beran, M. J. (2008). Monkeys (Macaca mulatta and Cebus apella) track, enumerate, and compare multiple sets of moving items. Journal of Experimental
Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes, 34, 63-74.

Beran, M. J. (2008). The evolutionary and developmental foundations of mathematics. PloS Biology, 6, e19.

Beran, M. J., Harris, E. H., Evans, T. A., Klein, E. D., Chan, B., Flemming, T. M., & Washburn, D. A. (2008). Ordinal judgments of symbolic stimuli by
capuchin monkeys (Cebus apella) and rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta): The effects of differential and nondifferential reward. Journal of Comparative
Psychology, 122, 52-61.

Beran, M. J., Klein, E. D., Evans, T. A., Chan, B., Flemming, T. M., Harris, E. H., Washburn, D. A., & Rumbaugh, D. M. (2008). Discrimination reversal learning in capuchin monkeys (Cebus apella). Psychological Record, 58, 3-14.

Brosnan, S. F., Grady, M. F., Lambeth, S. P., Schapiro, S. J., & Beran, M. J. (2008). Chimpanzee autarky. PloS ONE, 3, 1518.

Beran, M. J. (2007). Rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) succeed on a computerized test designed to assess conservation of discrete quantity. Animal Cognition, 10, 37-45.

Beran, M. J. (2007). Rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) enumerate sequentially presented sets of items using analog numerical representations. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes, 33, 42-54.

Beran, M. J., Rumbaugh, D. M., & Washburn, D. A. (2007). Rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) maintain learning set despite second-order stimulus-response spatial discontiguity. Psychological Record, 57, 9-22.

Beran, M. J., Washburn, D. A., & Rumbaugh, D. M. (2007). The Stroop Effect in color-naming of color-word lexigrams by a chimpanzee. Journal of General Psychology, 134, 217-228.

Evans, T. A., & Beran, M. J. (2007). Delay of gratification and delay maintenance by rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta). Journal of General Psychology, 134, 199-216.

Evans, T. A. (2007). Performance in a computerized self-control task by rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta): The combined influence of effort and delay. Learning and Motivation, 38, 342-357.

Evans, T. A., & Beran, M. J. (2007). Chimpanzees use self-distraction to cope with impulsivity. Biology Letters, 3, 599-602.

Flemming, T. M., Beran, M. J., & Washburn, D. A. (2007). Disconnect in concept learning by rhesus monkeys: Judgment of relations and relations-between-relations. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes, 33, 55-63.

Harris, E. H., Beran, M. J., & Washburn, D. A. (2007). Ordinal list integration for symbolic, arbitrary, and analog stimuli by rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta). Journal of General Psychology, 134, 183-197.

Harris, E. H., Washburn, D. A., Beran, M. J., & Sevcik, R. A. (2007). Rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) select Arabic numerals or visible quantities corresponding to a number of sequentially completed maze trials. Learning and Behavior, 35, 53-59.

Rumbaugh, D. M., King, J. E., Washburn, D. A., Beran, M. J., & Gould, K. L. (2007). A Salience theory of learning and behavior with perspectives on neurobiology and cognition. International Journal of Primatology, 28, 973-996.

Beran, M. J. (2006). Quantity perception by adult humans (Homo sapiens), chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes), and rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) as a function of stimulus organization. International Journal of Comparative Psychology, 19, 386-397.

Beran, M. J., & Evans, T. A. (2006). Maintenance of delay of gratification by four chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes): The effects of delayed reward visibility, experimenter presence, and extended delay intervals. Behavioural Processes, 73, 315-324.

Beran, M. J., Taglialatela, L. B., Flemming, T. M., James, F. M. & Washburn, D. A. (2006). Nonverbal estimation during numerosity judgements by adult humans. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 59, 2066-2083.

Beran, M. J., Smith, J. D., Redford, J. S., & Washburn, D. A. (2006). Rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) monitor uncertainty during numerosity judgments. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes, 32, 111-119.

Flemming, T. M., Rattermann, M. J., & Thompson, R. K. R. (2006) Differential individual access to and use of reaching tools in social groups of capuchin monkeys (Cebus apella) and human infants (Homo sapiens). Journal of Aquatic Mammals 32, 491-500 .

Hoffman, M. L., & Beran, M. J. (2006). Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) remember the location of a hidden food item after altering their orientation to a spatial array. Journal of Comparative Psychology, 120, 389-393.

Smith, J. D., Beran, M. J., Redford, J. S., & Washburn, D. A. (2006). Dissociating uncertainty states and reinforcement signals in the comparative study of metacognition. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 135, 282-297.

Washburn, D. A., Smith, J. D., & Shields, W. E. (2006). Rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) immediately generalize the uncertain response. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes, 32, 185-189.

Beran, M. J. (2005). Book Review: The evolution of thought: Evolutionary origins of great ape intelligence by A. E. Russon and David R. Begun and Apes, monkeys, children, and the growth of mind by J. C. Gómez. International Journal of Primatology, 26, 1203-1207.

Beran, M. J., Beran, M. M., & Menzel, C. R. (2005). Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) use markers to monitor the movement of a hidden food item. Primates, 46, 255-259.

Beran, M. J., Beran, M. M., Harris, E. H., & Washburn, D. A. (2005). Ordinal judgments and summation of nonvisible sets of food items by two chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) and a rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta). Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes, 31, 351-362.

Beran, M. J., Beran, M. M., & Menzel, C. R. (2005). Spatial memory and monitoring of hidden items through spatial displacements by chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes). Journal of Comparative Psychology, 119, 14-22.

Harris, E. H. & Washburn, D. A. (2005). Macaques' (Macaca mulatta) use of numerical cues in maze trials. Animal Cognition, 8, 190-199.

Hopkins, W. D., & Cantalupo, C. (2005). Individual and setting differences in the hand preference of chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes): A critical analysis and some alternative explanations. Laterality, 10, 65-80.

Smith, J. D., Redford, J., Gent, L., & Washburn, D. A. (2005). Visual search and the collapse of categorization. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 134, 443-460.

Smith, J. D., & Washburn, D. A. (2005). Uncertanty monitoring and metacognition by animals. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 14, 19-24.

Beran, M. J., & Rumbaugh, D. M. (2004). Working to understand whether memories ever leave – with a trace. Review of Memories are made of this: How memory works in humans and animals by Rusiko Bourtchouladze. Contemporary Psychology: APA Review of Books, 49, 433-434.

Beran, M. M., & Beran, M. J. (2004). The roots of human behavior are found in nonhuman primates. Review of Roots of Human Behavior by Barbara J. King. American Journal of Primatology, 63, 33-35.

Beran, M. J., & Beran, M. M. (2004). Chimpanzees remember the results of one-by-one addition of food items to sets. Psychological Science, 15, 94-99.

Beran, M. J. (2004). Long-term retention of the differential values of Arabic numerals by chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes). Animal Cognition, 7, 86-92.

Beran, M. J. (2004). Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) respond to non-visible sets after one-by-one additionand removal of items. Journal of Comparative Psychology, 118, 25-36.

Beran, M. J., Pate, J. L., Washburn, D. A., & Rumbaugh, D. M. (2004). Sequential responding and planning in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) and rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta). Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes, 30, 203-212.

Fernandez-Carriba, S., Loeches, A., Morcillo, A., Washburn, D. A., & Hopkins, W. D. (2004). Human assessment of chimpanzee facial asymmetry. Laterality, 9, 1-17.

Beran, M. J. (2003). Studying delay of gratification in animals. In S. P. Shohov (Ed.), Advances in Psychology Research, Vol 24 (161-179). New York: Nova Science Publishers.

Bovet, D. & Washburn, D. A. (2003). Social categorization by macaques. Journal of Comparative Psychology, 17, 400-405.

Cantalupo, C., Pilcher, D., & Hopkins, W. D. (In press). Are planum temporale and Sylvian fissure asymmertries directly related? A MRI study in great apes. Neuropsychologia, 41, 1975-1981.

Fields, W. M., & Savage-Rumbaugh, S. (2003). [Review of the book A Mind So Rare: The Evolution of Human Consciousness]. Contemporary Psychology, 48.

King, J. E., & Rumbaugh , D. M., (2003). [Review of Love at goon park: Harry Harlow and the science of affection] The New England Journal of Medicine, 348 670-671.

Hopkins, W. D., & Cantalupo, C. (2003). Does variation in sample size explain individual differences in hand preference of chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes)? An empirical study and reply to Palmer. American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 121, 378-381.

Hopkins, W. D., Pilcher, D. L., & Cantalupo, D. (2003). A comparative review of neuroanatomical asymmetries in nonhuman primates: Implications for the evolution of handedness and other functional asymmetries. In D. Maestripietri (Ed.), Primate Psychology. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

Lyn, H., & Rumbaugh, D.M. (2003). Cognitive and language skills: Early environmental influences on apes In J. R. Miller, R. M. Lerner, L. B. Schiamberg, & P. M. Anderson, (Eds.), Enclyclolpedia of Human ecology, Vol 1, (pp. 128-130). Santa Barbara, CA: ABCCLIO, Inc.

Rumbaugh, D. M. (2003). A perspective of Human and Chimpanzee Cognition. [Review of The cultural origins of human cognition: Comparative perspectives] Contemporary Psychology, 48, 5-8.

Rumbaugh, D. M. (2003). [Media review The disenchanted forest]. American Journal of primatology, 60, 119-120.

Rumbaugh, D. M. (2003). [Review of book A perspective of human and chimpanzee cognition]. Contemporary Psychololgy: APA Review of Books, 48, 5-8.

Rumbaugh, D. M., & Beran, M. J. (2003). Animal language. In L. Nadel (Ed.), Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science (pp. 138-141). London: Macmillan.

Rumbaugh, D. M., & Beran, M. J. (2003). Language acquisition by animals. In L. Nadel (Ed.), Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science (pp. 700-707). London: Macmillan.

Rumbaugh, D. M., Beran, M. J., & Pate, J. L. (2003). Uncertainty monitoring may promote emergents. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 26, 353.

Rumbaugh, D. M., Beran, M. J., & Savage-Rumbaugh, E. S. (In press). Language. In D. Maestripieri (Ed.), Primate psychology. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

Rumbaugh, D. M. & Hillix, W. A. (2003). Animal bodies, human minds. New York: Kluwer/Academic Press.

Rumbaugh, D. M. & Taglialatela, J. P. (2003). [Review of book The ape and the sushi master: Cultural reflections of a primatologist]. Contemporary Psychology: APA Review of Books, 48, 471-473.

Rumbaugh, D. M. & Washburn, D. A. (2003). Intelligence of apes and other rational beings. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.

Smith, J. D., Shields, W. E., & Washburn, D. A. (2003). A comparative approach to metacognition and uncertainty monitoring. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 26, 317-373.

Taglialatela, J. P. (2003). Looking forward to a neuroethology of primate vocal communication. American Journal of Primatology, 60, 175-176.

Taglilatela, J. P., Benson, J.D., Greaves, W.S., Rumbaugh, D., & Savage-Rumbaugh, S. (2003). Language, apes, and meaning-making. In Language Development: Functional Perspectives in Evolution and Ontogenesis, G. Williams and Annabelle Lukin (eds.). London: Continuum.

Taglialatela, J. P., Savage-Rumbaugh, E.S., & Baker, L. A. (2003). Vocal production by a language-competent bonobo, (Pan Paniscus). International Journal of Comparative Psychology, 24, 1-17.

Washburn, D. A. (2003). The games psychologists play (and the data they provide). Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, and Computers 35, 185-193.

Washburn, D. A., & Astur R. S. (2003). Exploration of virtual mazes by macaques. Animal Cognition, 6, 161-168.

Washburn, D. A., Gulledge, J. P., & Martin, B. (2003). A species difference in visuospatial memory: A failure of memory for what, where, or what is where? International Journal of Comparative Psychology, 16, 209-225.

Washburn, D. A. (2003). Overlapping territories: Understanding behavior across subdisciplines of psychology (Introduction to the special issue). International Journal of Comparative Psychology, 16, iv-v.

Benson, J., W. Greaves, W., O'Donnell, M., & Taglialatela, J.P. (2002). Evidence for symbolic language processing in a bonobo (Pan paniscus). Journal of Consciousness Studies, 9(12).

Beran, M. J., & Washburn, D. A. (2002). Chimpanzee responding during matching to sample: Control by exclusion. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 78, 497-508.

Beran, M. J. (2002). Maintenance of self-imposed delay of gratification by four chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) and an orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus). Journal of General Psychology, 129, 49-66.

Cantalupo, C., & Ward, J.P. (2002). Function of head-cocking in the small-eared bushbaby (Otolemur garnettii). International Journal of Primatology, 23, 203-221.

Cantalupo, C., Ward, J.P., & Franceschetti D.R. (2002). Lateralized Reaching as Dynamical Symmetry Breaking in the Bushbaby (Otolemur garnettii): Preliminary Evidence. Brain & Cognition, 48, 297-304.

Hopkins, W.D., Cantalupo, C., Wesley, M.J., Hostetter, A.B., Pilcher, D.L. (2002). Grip morphology and hand use in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes): evidence of a left hemisphere specialization in motor skill. Journal of Experimental Psychology-General, 131, 412-423.

Hopkins, W. D., & Washburn, D. A., (2002) The Global-to-Local Precedence in Perception by Humans, Chimpanzees, and Macaques. Animal Cognition, 5, 27-31.

Rumbaugh, D. M. (2002). Emergents and rational behaviorism. Eye on Psi Chi, 6, 8-14.

Washburn, D. A., (2002). These apes are great, too! A review of The mentalities of gorillas and orangutans: Comparative Perspectives (S. Taylor-Parker, R. Mitchell, & L. Miles, Eds.), Contemporary Psychology, 47, 39-42.

Beran, M. J. (2001). Summation and numerousness judgments of sequentially presented sets of items by chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes). Journal of Comparative Psychology, 115, 181-191.

Beran, M. J. (2001). Do chimpanzees have expectations about reward presentation following correct performance on computerized cognitive testing? Psychological Record, 51, 173-183.

Beran, M. J., Pate, J. L., Washburn, D. A., & Rumbaugh, D. M. (2001). Sequential responding and planning in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) and rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta). American Journal of Primatology, 54, 100. [Abstract].

Beran, M. J., & Rumbaugh, D. M. (2001). "Constructive" enumeration by chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) on a computerized task. Animal Cognition, 4, 81-89.

Beran, M. J., & Rumbaugh, D. M. (2001). Comparative cognitive science and the Japanese influence in primatology. Book Review of Primate origins of human cognition and behavior by Tetsuro Matsuzawa. American Journal of Primatology, 55, 183-185.

Cantalupo, C., & Hopkins, W.D. (2001). Asymmetric Broca's area in great apes. Nature, 414, 505.

Gibson, K. R., Rumbaugh, D. M., & Beran, M. J. (2001). Bigger is better: Primate brain size in relationship to cognition. In D. Falk & K. R. Gibson (Eds.), Evolutionary anatomy of the primate cerebral cortex (pp. 79-97). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Hodgson, J. A., Wichayanuparp, S., Recktenwald, M. R., Roy, R. R., McCall, G., Day, M. K., Washburn, D., Fanton, J. W., Kozlovskaya, I., & Edgerton, V. R. (2001). Circadian force and EMG activity in hindlimb muscles of rhesus monkeys. Journal of Neurophysiology, 86, 1430-1444.

Rumbaugh, D. M., Beran, M. J., & Elder, C. M. (2001) Infancy and the birth of competence: Bruner and comparative-developmental research. In D. Bakhurst & S. G. Shanker (Eds.), Jerome Bruner: Language, culture, self. (pp. 136-149). London: Sage.

Rumbaugh, D. M., Savage-Rumbaugh, E. S., & Beran, M. J. (2001). The grand apes. In B. B. Beck, T. S. Stoinski, M. Hutchins, T. L. Maple, A. Rowan, B. F. Stevens, & A. Arluke, (Eds.), Great apes & humans: The ethics of coexistence (pp. 245-260). Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press.

Savage-Rumbaugh, E. S., Fields, W. M. & Taglialatela, J. P. (2001). Language, speech, tools, and writing: A cultural imperative. Journal of Consciousness Studies, 8(5-7), 273-292.

Washburn, D. A., & Putney, R. T. (2001). Attention and task difficulty: When is performance facilitated? Learning and Motivation, 32, 36-47.

Beran, M. J. (2000). Two chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) compare non-visible sums of candy pieces. American Journal of Primatology, 51 (S1), 43-44. [Abstract].

Beran, M. J., Pate, J. L., Richardson, W. K., & Rumbaugh, D. M. (2000). A chimpanzee's (Pan troglodytes) long-term retention of lexigrams. Animal Learning and Behavior, 28, 201-207.

Bisazza, A., Cantalupo, C., Capocchiano, M., & Vallortigara, G. (2000). Population lateralization and social behavior: a study with sixteen species of fish. Laterality, 5, 269-284.

Cantalupo, C., & Ward, J.P. (2000). Interaction between lateralized systems: exploring the complexity of laterality. Brain & Cognition, 43, 73-78.

Hodgson, J. A., Wichayanuparp, S., Recktenwald, M. r., Roy, R. R., McCall, G., Washburn, D. A., Fanton, J. W., Riazansky, S. N., Kozlovskaya, I. B., & Edgerton, V. R. (2000) Daily activation levels in rhesus lower limb muscles. Journal of Gravitational Physiology, 7(1) S-73.

Lyn, H. & Savage-Rumbaugh, E. S. (2000). Observational word learning in two bonobos (Pan paniscus): Ostensive and non-ostensive contexts. Language & Communication 20, 255-273

Minahan, M. F., Beran, M. J., & Savage-Rumbaugh, E. S. (2000). Object permanence in bonobos (Pan paniscus) and chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes). American Journal of Primatology, 51 (S1), 75. [Abstract].

Menzel, C. R. & Beck, B. B. ( 2000). Homing and detour behavior in golden lion tamarin social groups. In S. Boinski & P. A. Garber (Eds.), On the move: How and why animals travel in groups. (pp. 299-326). Chicago: Chicago University Press.

Recktenwald, M. R., Hodgson, J. A., Roy, R. R., Riazansky, S. N., McCall, G., Kozlovskaya, I. B., Washburn, D. A., Fanton, J. W., & Edgerton, V. R. (2000). Quadrupedal locomotion in rhesus monkeys after 14 days of spaceflight. Journal of Gravitational Physiology, 7(1) S

Recktenwald, M. R., Hodgson, J. A., Roy, R. R., Riazansky, S, N., McCall, G., Kozlovskaya, I. B., Washburn, D. A., Fanton, J. W., & Edgerton, V. R. (2000). Effects of spaceflight on rhesus quadrupedal locomotion after return to 1G. Journal of Neurophysiology, 81, 2451-2463.

Rilling, J., Kilts, C., Williams, S., Beran, M., Giroux, M., Hoffman, J. M., Rapoport, S., Savage-Rumbaugh, E.S., & Rumbaugh, D.M. (2000). A comparative PET study of linguistic processing in humans and language-competent chimpanzees. American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 111 (S), 263. [Abstract].

Rumbaugh, D. M. (2000) The apes and us: Brain and emergent processes. American Society of Primatologists. [Abstract].

Rumbaugh, D.M. (2000) The mentalities of gorillas and orangutans (book review). International Journal of Primatology, 21, (4), pp. 769-771.

Rumbaugh, D. M., Beran, M. J., & Hillix, W. A. (2000). Cause-effect reasoning in humans and animals. In C. Heyes & L. Huber (Eds.), The evolution of cognition. (pp. 221-238). Cambridge, MA.: MIT Press.

Savage-Rumbaugh, S., Fields, W. M., & Taglialatela, J. P. (2000). Ape consciousness-human consciousness: A perspective infomed by language and culture. American Zoologist, 40 (6): 910-921.

Taglialatela, J. P., & Savage-Rumbaugh, E. S.(2000). "Vocalization production and usage in language-competent, captive bonobos (Pan paniscus). American Journal of Primatology, 51 (Supplement 1): 95 [Abstract].

Washburn, D. A., Rumbaugh, D. M., Richardson, W. K., Gulledge, J. P., Shlyk, G. G., & Vasilieva, O. N. (2000). PTS performance by flight- and control-group macaques. Journal of Gravitational Physiology, 7, S89-S94.

Beran, M. J., Gibson, K. R. , & Rumbaugh, D. M. (1999). Predicting hominid intelligence from brain size. In M. Corbalis & E. G. Lea (Eds.), The descent of mind: Psychological perspectives on hominid evolution. (pp. 88-97). New York: Oxford University Press.

Beran, M. J., Savage-Rumbaugh, E. S., Pate, J. L., & Rumbaugh, D. M. (1999). Delay of gratification in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes). Developmental Psychobiology, 34, 119-127.

Gulledge, J. P., Washburn, D. A., & Rumbaugh, D. M. (1999). Judgments of numeric symbols and quantities by macaques. Abstracts of the Psychonomic Society, 4, 49.

Johnson-Pynn, J., Fragaszy, D. M., Hirsh, E. M., & Brakke, K. E., & Greenfield, P. M. (1999). Strategies used to combine seriated cups by chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes), bonobos (Pan paniscus), and capuchins (Cebus apella). Journal of Comparative Psychology, 113, 137-148.

King, J. E., Rumbaugh, D. M., & Savage-Rumbaugh, E. S. (1999). Perception of personality traits and semantic learning in evolving hominids. In M. Corbalis & E. G. Lea (Eds.), The descent of mind: Psychological perspectives on hominid evolution. (pp. 98-115). New York: Oxford University Press.

Menzel, C. R., Savage-Rumbaugh, S. E. & Menzel, E. W. Jr. (1999). Organization of movement by rhesus monkeys, apes and humans in computer presented maze tasks. American Journal of Primatology, 49, 80. [Abstract].
Poti, P., Langer, J., Savage-Rumbaugh, E.S., & Brakke, K. E. (1999). Spontaneous logicomathematical constructions by chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes, Pan paniscus). Animal Cognition, 2,147-156.

Rilling, J., Kilts, C., Williams, S., Kelley, J., Beran, M., Giroux, M., Hoffman, J. M., Savage-Rumbaugh, S., & Rumbaugh, D. (1999). Functional neuroimaging of linguistic processing in chimpanzees. Society for Neuroscience, 25 (2), 2170 [Abstracts].

Romski, M. A., Sevcik, R. A., & Adamson, L. B. (1999). Communications of youth with mental retardation with and without their speech-output communication devices. American Journal on Mental Retardation, 104, 249-259.

Rumbaugh, D. M. (1999). Primate language and cognition: Common ground. In A. Mack (Eds.), Humans and other animals. Columbus: Ohio State University Press.

Rumbaugh, D. M. & Savage-Rumbaugh, E. S. (1999). Primate language. In R. A. Wilson & F. C. Keil (Eds.) The MIT Encyclopedia of the Cognitive Sciences. Cambridge: The MIT Press.

Rumbaugh, D. M. & Savage-Rumbaugh, E. S. (1999). Language, nonhuman. In G. Adelman & B. H. Smith (Eds.), Encyclopedia of neuroscience. (pp. 1013-1015). Elsevier Science B.V.

Savage-Rumbaugh, E. S. (1999). Ape communication: Between a rock and a hard place. In B. King (Ed), Origins of language: What nonhuman primates can tell us. (pp 115-189) Santa Fe: SAR Press.

Schick, K. D., Toth, N., Garufi, G., Savage-Rumbaugh, E. S., Rumbaugh, D. M., & Sevcik, R. A. (1999). Continuing investigations into the stone tool-making and tool-using capabilities of a Bonobo (Pan paniscus). Journal of Archaeological Science, 26, 821-832.

Sevcik, R. A., Romski, M. A., & Adamson, L. B. (1999). Measuring AAC interventions for individuals with severe developmental disabilities. Augmentative and Alternative Communication, 15, 38-44.

Sevcik, R. A., & Romski, M. A. (1999). Issues in augmentative and alternative communication in child psychiatry. In R. Paul (Ed.), Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America (pp. 77-87). Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders.

Spinozzi, G., & Langer, J. (1999). Spontaneous classification in action by a human-enculturated and language-reared bonobo (Pan paniscus) and common chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes). Journal of Comparative Psychology, 113, 286-296.

Washburn, D. A. (1999). Distinguishing interpretation from fact (DIFF): A computerized drill for methodology courses. Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers, 31, 3-6.

Washburn, D. A. (1999). Where's that other shoe? A comparative study of visuospatial memory. Abstracts of the Psychonomic Society, 4, 22.

Williams, S. L., Beran, M. J., & Rumbaugh, D. M. (1999). Self-judgment of performance by chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes). American Journal of Primatology, 49, 114. [Abstract].

Williams, S. L. & Rumbaugh, D. M. (1999). Tympanic membrane temperatures reflect lateralization in a language-trained ape (Pan troglodytes). American Journal of Primatology, 49.

Beran, M. J. & Rumbaugh, D. M. (1998). Delay of gratification in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes). American Journal of Primatology, 45, 169-170 [Abstract].

Beran, M. J., Rumbaugh, D. M., & Savage-Rumbaugh, E. S. (1998). Chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) counting in a computerized testing paradigm. The Psychological Record 48, 3-20.

Beran, M. J., Savage-Rumbaugh, E. S., Brakke, K. E., Kelley, J. W., & Rumbaugh, D. M. (1998). Symbol comprehension and learning: A "vocabulary" test of three chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes). Evolution of Communication 2, 171-188.

Grossblatt, N. (Eds.) (1998). The psychological well-being of nonhuman primates. A Report of the Committee on the Well-Being of Nonhuman Primates, Institute for Laboratory Animal Research, National Research Council. Rumbaugh, D. M. (Committee Member) Washington, DC: National Academy Press.

Hillix, W. A. & Rumbaugh, D. M. (1998). Language in animals. In G. Greenberg & M. M. Haraway (Eds.) Comparative psychology: A handbook (pp. 837-848). New York: Garland Publishing.

King, J. E., Rumbaugh, D. M. & Savage-Rumbaugh, E. S. (1998). Evolution of intelligence, language, and other emergent processes for consciousness: A comparative perspective. In S. J. Hameroff, A. W. Kaszniak, & A. C. Scott (Eds.) Toward a science of consciousness II: The second Tucson discussions and debates (pp. 383-395). Cambridge: MIT Press.

Lyn, H., Savage-Rumbaugh, E. S., & Rumbaugh, D. (1998). Observational word learning in bonobos (Pan paniscus). American Journal of Primatology 45, 193. [Abstract].

Menzel, C. R. (1998). Memory and communication of object types and object locations by a language-trained chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes). American Journal of Primatology 45, 195-96. [Abstract].
Rumbaugh, D. M. (1998). Austin H. Riesen (1913-1996). American Psychologist 53(1), 60-61.

Rumbaugh, D. M., Washburn, D. A., & Pate, J. L. (1998). Discrimination learning set and transfer. In G. Greenberg & M. M. Haraway (Eds.) Comparative psychology: A handbook (pp. 562-565). New York: Garland Publishing.

Savage-Rumbaugh, E. S. (1998). Scientific schizophrenia with regard to the language act. In J. Langer and M. Killen (Eds.) Piaget, evolution and development (pp. 145-169). Hillsdale, N.J.: Lawrence Earlbaum and Associates.

Savage-Rumbaugh, E. S. & Fields, W. M. (1998). Language and culture: A trans-generation interweaving. Language Origins Society, 27, 19-41.

Savage-Rumbaugh, E. S. & Rumbaugh, D. M. (1998). Perspectives on consciousness, language, and other emergent processes in apes and humans. In S. J. Hameroff, A. W. Kaszniak, & A. C. Scott (Eds.) Toward a science of consciousness II: The second Tucson discussions and debates (pp. 533-549). Cambridge: MIT Press.

Smith, J. D., Shields, W. E., Allendoerfer, K. A., & Washburn, D. A. (1998). Memory monitoring by animals and humans. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 127, 227-250.

Tomasello, M. (1998). Social cognition and the evolution of culture. In J. Langer & M. Killen (Eds.), Piaget, evolution and development. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Washburn, D. A. (1998). Teaching on the web: Copyright law and multimedia-or internet-based educational applications. Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers 30 (2), 199-204.

Washburn, D. A. & Astur, R. S. (1998). Nonverbal working memory of humans and monkeys: Rehearsal in the sketchpad? Memory and Cognition 26 (2), 277-286.

Washburn, D. A. & Putney, R. T. (1998). Stimulus movement and the intensity of attention. The Psychological Record, 48, 555-570.

Washburn, D. A., Rumbaugh, D. M., & Richardson, W. K. (1998). Apparatus in comparative psychology. In G. Greenberg & M. M. Haraway (Eds.) Comparative psychology: A handbook (pp. 221-225). New York: Garland Publishing.

Whiten, A. (1998). Imitation of the sequential structure of actions by chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes). Journal of Comparative Psychology 112(3), 270-281.

Whiten, A. (1998). Evolutionary and developmental origins of the mindreading system. In J. Langer & M. Killen (Eds.). Piaget, evolution and development. Mahwah, N.J.: Lawrence Erlbaum.

Williams, S. L., & Kelley, J. W. (1998). Mobility as enrichment for captive apes. Laboratory Primate Newsletter 37(2), 3, 5.

Adamson, L. B. (1997). Order and disorder: Classical developmental theory and atypical communication development. In L. B. Adamson & M. A. Romski (Eds.), Communication and Language Acquisition: Discoveries from Atypical Language Development. Baltimore: Paul H. Brookes Publishing.

Byrne, R. W. & Whiten, A. (1997). Machiavellian intelligence. In A. Whiten & R. W. Byrne (Eds.) Machiavellian intelligence II: Evaluation and extensions. (pp.1-23). Cambridge University Press.

Fragaszy, D. M. & Adams-Curtis, L. E. (1997). Developmental changes in manipulation in tufted capuchins (Cebus apella) from birth through 2 years and their relation to foraging and weaning. Journal of Comparative Psychology, 111(2), 201-211.

Lacreuse, A., and Fragaszy, D. M. (1997). Manual exploratory procedures and asymmetries for a haptic search task: A comparison between capuchins (Cebus apella) and humans. Laterality (2), 247-266.

Menzel, C. R. (1997). Primates' knowledge of their natural habitat: As indicated in foraging. In A. Whiten & R. W. Byrne (Eds.) Machiavellian intelligence II: Evaluation and extensions. (pp.207-239). Cambridge University Press.

Menzel, C.R. (1997). Primates' knowledge of their natural habitat, as indicated in foraging. American Journal of Primatology, 42, 133-134. (Abstract).

Menzel, C. R., Savage-Rumbaugh, E. S., and Menzel, E. W. (1997). Chimpanzee (Pan paniscus) spatial memory and communication in a 20 hectare forest. American Journal of Primatology, 41, 134. (Abstract).

Morris, R. D., Hopkins, W. D., & Rumbaugh, D. M. (1997). Cerebral specialization. In Encyclopedia of human biology (Vol. 2, pp. 629-633). Academic Press.

Romski, M. A., Sevcik, R. A., & Adamson, L. B. (1997). A framework for studying language development through augmented means by children with developmental disabilities. Augmentative and Alternative Communications, 13, 172-178.

Romski, M. A., Sevcik, R.A., & Sundgren, W. L. (1997). Augmentative and alternative communication in the schools. In P. O'Connell (Ed.), Speech, language, and hearing programs in schools: A manual for students and practitioners (p. 289-304). Gaithersburg, MD: Aspen.

Rumbaugh, D. M. (1997). Competence, cortex, and primate models--A comparative primate perspective. In N. A. Krasnegor, G. R. Lyon, P. S. Goldman-Rakic (Eds.), Development of the prefrontal cortex: Evolution, neurobiology, and behavior (pp. 117-139). Baltimore, MD: Paul H. Brookes Publishing Co., Inc.

Rumbaugh, D. M. (1997). The psychology of Harry F. Harlow: a bridge from radical to rational behaviorism. Philosophical Psychology, 10 (2), 197-210.

Rumbaugh, D. M., & Savage-Rumbaugh, E. S. (1997). A comparative perspective on the etiology of meaning and assaying behaviors for meaning. In C. Mandell & A. McCabe (Eds.), The problem of meaning: Behavioral and cognitive perspectives. (pp. 147-179). Amsterdam, The Netherlands: Elsevier Science B.V.

Rumbaugh, D. M. & Savage-Rumbaugh, E. S. (1997-98). Language, nonhuman. In G. Adelman & B. Smith (Eds.), Encyclopedia of neuroscience. Amsterdam, The Netherlands: Elsevier Science.

Savage-Rumbaugh, S. (1997). Why are we afraid of apes with language? In A. B. Scheibel & J. W. Schopf (Eds.) The origin and evolution of intelligence (pp. 43-69). Sudbury, MA: Jones and Bartlett.

Savage-Rumbaugh, E. S. (1997). [Review of the book Mutualities in Dialogue]. International Journal of Primatology, 18(5), 847-853.

Shields, W. E., Smith, J. D. & Washburn, D. A. (1997). Uncertain responses by humans and rhesus monkeys in a psychophysical Same-Different task. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 126, 147-164.
Smith, J. D., Shields, W. E., Schull, J., & Washburn, D. A. (1997). The uncertain response in humans and animals. Cognition, 62, 75-97.

Tomasello, M. & Call, J. (1997). Primate cognition. New York: Oxford University Press.

Washburn, D. A. (1997). Review of [Animals cognition: An introduction to modern comparative psychology.] Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 1, 154.

Washburn, D. A. (1997). The MacKay-Skinner debate: a case for "nothing buttery". Philosophical Psychology 10 (4), 473-479.

Washburn, D. A., Gulledge, J. P., & Rumbaugh, D. M. (1997). The Heuristic and motivational value of video reinforcement. Learning and Motivation, 28, 510-520.

Washburn, D. A. & Rumbaugh, D. M. (1997). If faster is smarter, why are we slower: A comparative perspective on intelligence and processing speed. American Psychologist, 52(10), 1147-1148.

Washburn, D. A., Rumbaugh, D. M., & Richardson, W. K. (1997). Apparatus in comparative psychology. In G. Greenberg & M. Haraway (Eds.), The Encyclopedia of Comparative Psychology (pp. 231-235). New York: Garland Publishers, Inc.

Whiten, A. (1997). The Machiavellian mindreader. In A. Whiten & R. W. Byrne (Eds.) Machiavellian intelligence II: Evaluation and extensions. (pp. 144-173). Cambridge University Press.

Williams, S. L. , Brakke, K. E., & Savage-Rumbaugh E. S. (1997). Comprehension skills of language-competent and non-language-competent apes. Language and Communication, 17(4), 301-317.

Williams, S. L., Savage-Rumbaugh, E. S., & Rumbaugh, D. M. (1997). Apes and language. Concise encyclopedia of philosophy of language. Oxford, England: Elsevier Science LTD.

Beran, M. J., Rumbaugh, D. M., & Savage-Rumbaugh, E. S. (1996) Performance of a chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) on a computerized counting task. XVIth Congress of the International Primatological Society and XIXth Conference of the American Society of Primatologists, No. 315. [Abstract].

Brakke, K. E. & Savage-Rumbaugh, E. S. (1996). The development of language skills in Pan: II. Production. Language and Communication, 16(4), 361-380.

Filion, C. M, Washburn, A. D. & Gulledge, P. J. (1996). Can monkeys (Macaca mulatta) represent invisible displacement? Journal of Comparative Psychology, 110, 386-395.

Hopkins, W. D., Washburn, D. A., & Hyatt, C. W. (1996). Video-task acquisition by rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) and chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes): A comparative analysis. Primates, 37, 197-206.

Langes, R., Badalamenti, A., Savage-Rumbaugh, E. S. (1996). Two mathematically defined language structures in humans and chimpanzees. Behavioral Science Journal of the International Society for the Systems Science, 41(2), 124-135.

Lacreuse, A., and Fragaszy, D. M. (1996). Hand preferences for a haptic searching task by tufted capuchins (Cebus apella). International Journal of Primatology, 17(4), 613-632.

Menzel, C. R. (1996). Spontaneous use of matching visual cues during foraging by long-tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis). Journal of Comparative Psychology, 110(4), 370-376.

Romski, M. A., Sevcik, R. A., Robinson, B. F., Mervis, C. B. & Bertrand, J. (1996). Mapping the meanings of novel visual symbols by youth with moderate or severe mental retardation. American Journal on Mental Retardation, 100(4), 391-402.

Rumbaugh, D. M. (1996). Beast machines of the monkey wars. [Review of The Monkey Wars]. Contemporary Psychology, 41(4), 316-318.

Rumbaugh, D. M. (1996). In search of the red oktober's psychology. [Review of V. M. Bekhterev's Collective Reflex-ology, Part 1]. Contemporary Psychology, 41(7), 639-641.

Rumbaugh, D. M. & Savage-Rumbaugh, E. S. (1996) Biobehavioral roots of language: Words, apes, and a child. In B. M. Velichkovsky & D. M. Rumbaugh (Eds.), Communicating meaning: The evolution and development of language (pp. 257-274). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Rumbaugh, D. M., Savage-Rumbaugh, E. S., & Washburn, D. A. (1996). Toward a new outlook on primate learning and behavior: Complex learning and emergent processes in comparative perspective. Japanese Psychological Research, 38(3), 113-125.

Rumbaugh, D. M. & Washburn, D. A. (1996). Progeny of WGTA and learning set: The Language Research Center's computerized test system and transfer index phenomena. XVIth Congress of the International Primatological Society and XIXth Conference of the American Society of Primatologists, No. 248. [Abstract].

. Rumbaugh, D. M. & Washburn, D. A. (1996). Learning in relation to primate brain evolution. International Journal of Psychology 31(3-4). 38. [Abstract].

Rumbaugh, D. M., Washburn, D. A., & Hillix, W. A. (1996). Respondents, operants, and emergents: Toward an integrated perspective on behavior. In K. Pribram & J. King (Eds.), Learning as a self-organizing process (pp. 57-73). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

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Savage-Rumbaugh, E. S., Shanker, S., Taylor, T. J. (1996). Apes with language. Critical Quarterly, 38(3), 45-57.

Savage-Rumbaugh, E. S., Williams, S. L., Furuichi, T., Kano, T. (1996). Language perceived: Paniscus branches out. In W. C. McGrew, L. F. Marchant & T. Nishida (Eds), Great Ape Societies (pp. 173-184). Cambridge University Press.

Sevcik, R.A., Romski, M. A., & Robinson, B. W. (1996). Longitudinal research: Considerations for augmentative and alternative communication. Augmentative and Alternative Communication, 12, 272-276.

Washburn, D. A. & Rumbaugh, D. M. (1996) Training rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) using the computerized test system. Proceedings of the International Primatological Society. [Abstract].

Washburn, D. A., Sevcik, R. A., Rumbaugh, D. M., & Romski, M. A. (1996). Educational applications of the Psychomotor Test System. Proceedings of the AIAA Life Sciences and Space medicine Conference and Exhibit (pg. 72-73), American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics. [Abstract].

Whiten, A. & Custance, D. (1996). Studies of imitation in chimpanzees and children. In (Ed.) Social learning in animals: The roots of culture. (pp. ). Academic Press.

Brakke, K., & Rumbaugh, D. M. (1995). Much ado about marking. [Review of Self-awareness in animals and humans: Developmental perspectives]. American Journal of Primatology, 36, 79-81.

Brakke, K. E., & Savage-Rumbaugh, E. S. (1995). The development of language skills in bonobo and chimpanzees: I. Comprehension. Language and Communication, 15(2), 121-148.

Carpenter, M., Tomasello, M. & Savage-Rumbaugh, E. S. (1995). Joint attention and imitative learning in children, chimpanzees and enculturated chimpanzees. Social Development, 4, 217-237.

Heller, K. W., Alberto, P. A., & Romski, M. A. (1995). Effect of object and movement cues on receptive communication by preschool children with mental retardation. American Journal on Mental Retardation, 99(5), 510-521.

Romski, M. A., & Sevcik, R. A. (1995). Communicative development of children with severe disabilities. In M. D. Smith and J. S. Damico (Eds.), Childhood Language Disorders (pp. 218-234). New York: Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc.

Romski, M. A., & Sevcik, R. A. (1995). [Review of Communicative alternatives to challenging behavior: Integrating functional assessment and intervention strategies. American Journal on Mental Retardation, 100(2), 221-223.

Rumbaugh, D. M. (1995). Primate intelligence and language: Brain and environment. Unity in Diversity, Annual meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, Pg. 13 [Abstract].

Rumbaugh, D. M. (1995). On Books. [Emergence of relations and the essence of learning: A review of Sidman's equivalence relations and behavior: A research story]. Behavior Analyst, 18(2), 367-375.

Rumbaugh, D. M. (1995). Primate language and cognition: Common ground. Social Research, 62(3), 711-730.

Rumbaugh, D. M., & Washburn, D. A. (1995). Attention and memory in relation to learning: A comparative adaptation perspective. In G. R. Lyon & N. A. Krasnegor (Eds.), Attention, memory and executive function (pp. 199-219). Baltimore, MD: Paul H. Brookes.

Savage-Rumbaugh, S., & Lewin, R. (1995). Kanzi: der sprechende Schimpanse: Was den tierischen vom menschlichen Verstand unterscheidet. [Kanzi: The Ape at the Brink of the Human Mind]. Munchen: Droemer Knaur.

Sevcik, R. A. (1995). Is it live or is it Memorex? Consciousness and Cognition, 4, 251-253. [Commentary on K. Marten and S. Psarako (1995), Using self-view television to distinguish between self-examination and social behavior in the bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus). Consciousness and Cognition, 4, 205-224].

Sevcik, R. A., & Romski, M. A. (1995). Additional support for the role of animal research in the study of human mental retardation. American Journal on Mental Retardation, 100(1), 95-104.

Sevcik, R. A., Romski, M. A., & Adamson, L. B. (1995). A comparison of the everyday communications of symbol-competent, speaking, and nonspeaking youth with mental retardation. Partnerships: Crossing the Bridge to the Future, 119TH Annual Meeting of the American Association on Mental Retardation, Pg. 165. [Abstract].

Sevcik, R. A., Romski, M. A., Rayfield, C., Nelson, B., Walton-Bowe, Jordan, D., Howell, M., & Ross, J. (1995). Project FACTT: Meeting the needs of children with severe developmental disabilities. Technology & Disability, 4, 233-241.

Sevcik, R. A., Romski, M. A., Watkins, R., & Deffebach, K. (1995). Adult partner-augmented communication input to youth with mental retardation using the system for augmenting language (SAL). Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, 38, 902-912.

Visalberghi, E., Fragaszy, D. M., & Savage-Rumbaugh, E. S. (1995). Performance in a tool-using task by common chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes), Bonobos (Pan paniscus), an Orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus), and Capuchin Monkeys (Cebus apella). Journal of Comparative Psychology, 109(1), 52-60.

Washburn, D. A., & Gulledge, J. P. (1995). Game-like tasks for comparative research: Leveling the playing field. Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers, 27(2), 235-238.

Washburn, D. A., Sevcik, R. A., Rumbaugh, D. M., & Romski, M. A. (1995). The Psychomotor test system for research and education. Life Sciences and Space Medicine Conference '95, Book of Abstracts (pp. 135-136). [Abstract].

Wilkinson, K. M., & Romski, M. A. (1995). Responsiveness of male adolescents with mental retardation to input from nondisabled peers: The summoning power of comments, questions, and directive prompts. Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, 38, 1045-1053.

Hopkins, W. D., & Washburn, D. A. (1994). Do right- and left-handed monkeys differ on cognitive measures? Behavioral Neuroscience, Vol 108(6), 1207-1212.

Romski, M. A., Sevcik, R. A., & Wilkinson, K. M. (1994). Peer-directed communicative interactions of augmented language learners with mental retardation. American Journal on Mental Retardation, 98(4), 527-538.

Romski, M. A., & Sevcik, R. A. (1994, March). Vocabulary acquisition patterns of youth mental retardation using the system for augmenting language. In Proceedings of the 27th Annual Gatlinburg Conference on Research and Theory in Mental Retardation and Developmental Disabilities (pp. 109). Gatlinburg, TN. [Abstract].

Romski, M. A., Sevcik, R. A., Robinson, B. F., & Bakeman, R. (1994). Adult-directed communications of youth with mental retardation using the system for augmenting language. Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, 47, 617-628.

Rumbaugh, D. M. (1994). Anthropomorphism revisited. [Review of The New Anthropomorphism.] The Quarterly Review of Biology, 6, 248-251.

Rumbaugh, D. M., & Savage-Rumbaugh, E. S. (1994). Language in comparative perspective. In N. J. Mackintosh (Ed.), Animal Learning and Cognition (pp. 307-333). New York: Academic Press.

Rumbaugh, D. M., & Savage-Rumbaugh, E. S. (1994). Language and apes. The Psychology Teacher Network, 4(1), 2-9.

Rumbaugh, D. M., Savage-Rumbaugh, E. S., & Sevcik, R. A. (1994). Biobehavioral roots of language: A comparative perspective of chimpanzee, child and culture. In R. W. Wrangham, W. C. McGrew, F. B.M. deWaal, & P. G. Heltne (Eds), Chimpanzee Cultures (pp 319-334). Harvard University Press in cooperation with The Chicago Academy of Sciences: MA.

Rumbaugh, D. M., Savage-Rumbaugh, E. S., & Washburn, D. A. (1994). Learning, prediction and control: With an eye to the future. In M. M. Haith, J. B. Benson, R. J. Roberts, Jr., & B. F. Pennington (Eds.), The Development of Future-Oriented Processes. (pp. 119-138). Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.

Rumbaugh, D. M., & Washburn, D. A. (1994). Animal intelligence: Primate. In R. J. Sternberg (Chief Editor), Encyclopedia of human intelligence, (Vol. 1, pp. 96-102). New York: MacMillan Publishing Company.

Savage-Rumbaugh, S., & Lewin, R. (1994). Kanzi: The Ape at the Brink of the Human Mind. New York: John Wiley Publishers.

Savage-Rumbaugh, E. S. (1994). Hominid evolution: Looking to modern apes for clues. In D. Quiatt and J. Itani (Eds), Hominid Culture in Primate Perspective (pg 7-49). Niwot, CO: University Press of Colorado.

Sevcik, R. A., & Romski, M. A. (1994). Language development. Encyclopedia of Human Behavior, 3, 39-44.

Sevcik, R. A., & Romski, M. A. (1994). [Review of Communicative alternatives to challenging behavior: Integrating functional assessment and intervention strategies.] Topics in Language Disorders, Vol. 15(1), 85-87.

Sevcik, R. A., & Savage-Rumbaugh, E. S. (1994). Language comprehension and use by great apes. Language & Communication, Vol. 14(1), pp. 37-58.

Sevcik, R. A., Romski, M. A., & Adamson, L. B. (1994). Communication interaction patterns of augmented communicators, speakers, and nonspeakers. ASHA Annual Convention Program, ABSTRACT LISTINGS, October 1994, pg. 202. New Orleans, LA.

Smith, J. D., Schuli, J., Washburn, D. A., & Shields, W. E. (1994). Uncertainty monitoring in the rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta). Proceedings of the International Primatological Society, Strasbourg, FRANCE, 3, 101-109.

Washburn, D. A. (1994). Stroop-like effects for monkeys and humans: Processing speed or strenght of association? Psychological Science, Vol. 5(6), 375-379.

Washburn, D. A., & Hopkins, W. D. (1994). Videotape- versus pellet-reward preferences in joystick tasks by Macaques. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 78, 48-50.

Washburn, D. A., Harper, S., & Rumbaugh, D. M. (1994). Computer-task testing of rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) in the social milieu. Primates, 35(3), 343-351.

Washburn, D. A., & Rumbaugh, D. M. (1994). Training rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) using the computerized test system. Proceedings of the International Primatological Society, Strasbourg, FRANCE, 3, 77-83.

Washburn, D. A. (1994). Stroop-like effects for monkeys and humans: Processing speed or strenght of association? Psychological Science, Vol. 5(6), 375-379.

Washburn, D. A., & Hopkins, W. D. (1994). Videotape- versus pellet-reward preferences in joystick tasks by Macaques. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 78, 48-50.

Washburn, D. A., Harper, S., & Rumbaugh, D. M. (1994). Computer-task testing of rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) in the social milieu. Primates, 35(3), 343-351.

Washburn, D. A., Rumbaugh, D. M., & Putney, R. T. (1994). Apparatus as milestones in the history of comparative psychology. Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, and Computers, 26(2), 231-235.

Wilkinson, K. M., Romski, M. A., & Sevcik, R. A. (1994). Emergence of visual-graphic symbol combinations by youth with moderate or severe mental retardation. Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, 37, 883-895.

Williams, S. L., & Petto, A. J. (1994). Survey for the development of primatology ethics principles. Laboratory Primate Newsletter, 33, 1.

Bard, K., & Hopkins, W. D. (1993). The ontogeny of lateralized behavior in nonhuman primates with special reference to chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes). In J. P. Ward & W. D. Hopkins (eds.), Primate Laterality: Current Behavioral Evidence of Primate Asymmetries (pp. 251-265). New York: Springer-Verlag.

Cerutti, D. (1993, March). Matching to sample in an adult Bonobo (Pan paniscus) effect of combining English speech with lexigram and picture samples. Proceedings of the 26th Annual Gatlinburg Conference on Research and Theory in Mental Retardation and Development Disabilities, Pg. 167 (ABSTRACT).

Cerutti, D., & Rumbaugh, D. M. (1993). Stimulus relations in comparative primate perspective. The Psychological Record, 43, 811-821.

Greenfield, P. M., & Savage-Rumbaugh, E. S. (1993). Comparing communicative competence in child and chimp: The pragmatics of repetition. Journal of Child Language, 20, 1-26.

Hopkins, W. D., & Morris, R. D. (1993). Handedness in great apes: A review of findings. International Journal of Primatology, 14(1), 1-25.

Hopkins, W. D., & Morris, R. D. (1993). Hemispheric priming as a technique in the study of lateralized cognitive processes in non-human primates: Some recent findings. In H. Roitblat, L. M. Herman, & P. E. Nachtigall (Eds.), Language and communication: Comparative perspectives (pp. 293-309). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.

Middleton, H. K., Morris, R. D., & Sevcik, R. A. (1993, March). Short term memory in individuals with moderate or severe mental retardation. Proceedings of the 26th Annual Gatlinburg Conference on Research and Theory in Mental Retardation and Development Disabilities, Pg. 66 [Abstract].

Morris, R. D., Hopkins, W. D., Gilmore, L. Bolser, & Washburn, D. A. (1993). Behavioral lateralization in language trained chimpanzees. In J. P. Ward & W. D. Hopkins (Eds.), Primate Laterality: Current Behavioral Evidence of Primate Asymmetries (pp. 207-233). New York: Springer-Verlag.

Morris, R. D., & Hopkins, W. D. (1993). Perception of human chimeric faces by chimpanzees: Evidence for a right hemisphere advantage. Brain and Cognition, 21, 111-122.

Morris, R. D., & Romski, M. A. (1993). Handedness distribution in a non-speaking population with mental retardation. American Journal on Mental Retardation, 97
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Romski, M. A. (1993, March). Comprehension and language acquisition: Evidence from youth with severe cognitive disabilities. Proceedings of the 26th Annual Gatlinburg Conference on Research and Theory in Mental Retardation and Development Disabilities, Pg. 133 [Abstract].

Romski, M. A. (1993, March). Symbol acquisition by non-speaking youth with mental retardation: Daily use and communicative outcomes. Proceedings of the 26th Annual Gatlinburg Conference on Research and Theory in Mental Retardation and Development Disabilities, Pg. 163 [Abstract].

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Romski, M. A., & Sevcik, R. A. (1993). Language learning through augmented means: The process and its products. In A. P. Kaiser & D. Gray (Eds.), Enhancing children's communication: Research foundations for intervention (pp. 85-104). Baltimore, MD: Paul Brookes.

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Rumbaugh, D. M., & Washburn, D. A. (1993). Counting by chimpanzees and ordinality judgements by Macaques in video-formatted tasks. In S. T. Boysen & E. J. Capaldi (Eds.), The Development of Numerical Competence: Animal and Human Models (pp 87-106). Lawrence Erlbaum: Hillsdale, New Jersey.

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Savage-Rumbaugh, E. S. (1993). Language learnability in man, ape and dolphin. In H. Roitblat, L. M. Herman, & P. E. Nachtigall (Eds.), Language and communication: Comparative perspectives (pp. 457-484). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.

Savage-Rumbaugh, E. S. (1993). How does evolution design a brain capable of learning language?: A Reply. Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development, Serial No. 233, Vol. 58, 3-4, pgs. 243-252.

Savage-Rumbaugh, E. S., & Rumbaugh, D. M. (1993). The emergence of language. In K. R. Gibson & T. Ingold (Eds.), Tools, language and cognition in human evolution (pp. 86-108). Cambridge University Press.

Savage-Rumbaugh, S. (1993, March). The critical components of language acquisition in apes and humans. Proceedings of the 26th Annual Gatlinburg Conference on Research and Theory in Mental Retardation and Development Disabilities, Pg. 164 [Abstract].

Savage-Rumbaugh, E. S., Murphy, J., Sevcik, R. A., Brakke, K., Williams, S., & Rumbaugh, D. M. (1993). Language comprehension in ape and child. Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development, Serial No. 233, Vol. 58, Nos. 3-4.

Sevcik, R. A. (1993, March). Symbolic communication by humans and apes. Proceedings of the 26th Annual Gatlinburg Conference on Research and Theory in Mental Retardation and Development Disabilities, Pg. 168 [Abstract].

Tomasello, M., Savage-Rumbaugh, E. S., Kruger, A. C. (1993). Imitative learning of action on objects by children, chimpanzees, and educated chimpanzees. Child Development, 1688-1705.

Toth, N., Schick, K. D., Savage-Rumbaugh, E. S., Sevcik, R. A. & Rumbaugh, D. M. (1993). Pan the tool-maker: Investigations into the stone tool-making and tool-using capabilities of a bonobo (Pan paniscus). Journal of Archaeological Science, 20, 81-91.

Washburn, D. A. (1993). The stimulus movement effect: Allocation of attention or artifact? Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes, 19, No. 4, 380-390.

Williams, S., Rumbaugh, D. M., & Savage-Rumbaugh, E. S. (1993). Apes and Language. In R. E. Asher & J. M. Y. Simpson (Eds.), Encyclopedia of language and linguistics, Vol. 1, (pp. 139-146). New York: Pergamon Press.

Williams, S. L. (1993, March). A comparative study of short-term memory in apes and children. Proceedings of the 26th Annual Gatlinburg Conference on Research and Theory in Mental Retardation and Development Disabilities, Pg. 166 [Abstract].

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Greenfield, P., & Savage-Rumbaugh, E. S. (1992). Comparing the ontogeny of symbol use in Pan paniscus and Homo sapiens. Bulletin of the Chicago academic science, 15(1): 26. (Abstract).

Hopkins, W. D. (1992). Laterality in chimpanzees (Pan): Fifty-one years since Finch (1941). XIVTH CONGRESS OF THE INTERNATIONAL PRIMATOLOGICAL SOCIETY, Strasbourg, IPS, Pg. 99. (Abstract)

Hopkins, W. D., Morris, R. D., Savage-Rumbaugh, E. S., & Rumbaugh, D. M. (1992). Hemispheric priming by meaningful and nonmeaningful symbols in language-trained chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes): Further evidence of a left hemisphere advantage. Behavioral Neuroscience, 106(3): 575-582.

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Romski, M. A., Sevcik, R. A., & Robinson, B. (1992). Social communication patterns of augmented language learners with mental retardation and autism. Proceedings of the 25th annual Gatlinburg conference on research and theory in mental retardation and developmental disabilities, Gatlinburg, TN. Pg. 147 (Abstract).

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Rumbaugh, D. M., & Williams, S. L. (1992). Human factors, psychological factors, and affirmation of continuity. International Journal of Comparative Psychology, 5(4), 205-209.

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Savage-Rumbaugh, E. S. (1992). Language from pan to man. Bulletin of the Chicago academic science 15(1): 23 [Abstract].

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Savage-Rumbaugh, E. S., Brakke, K. E., & Hutchins, S. S. (1992). Linguistic development: Contrasts between co-reared Pan troglodytes and Pan paniscus. In T. Nishida, W. C. McGrew, P. Marler, M. Pickford, & F. B. M. deWaal (Eds.), Topics in Primatology: Vol 1, Human Origins (pp. 51-66). Tokyo, Japan: University of Tokyo Press.

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Washburn, D. A. (1992). External audio for IBM-compatible computers. Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers, 24(1), 80-81.

Washburn, D. A. (1992). Analyzing the path of responding in maze-solving and other tasks. Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers, 24(2), 248-252.

Washburn, D. A., & Rumbaugh, D. M. (1992). Testing primates with joystick-based automated apparatus: Lessons from the Language Research Center's Computerized Test System. Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Comptuers, 23(2), 157-164.

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Washburn, D. A., & Rumbaugh, D. M. (1992). The Language Research Center's Computerized Test System for environmental enrichment and psychological assessment. Contemporary Topics, 31(6), 11-16.

Williams, S. L., & Savage-Rumbaugh, E. S. (1992). Differential rearing and effects on acquisition of language and other cognitive abilities. XIVTH CONGRESS OF THE INTERNATIONAL PRIMATOLOGICAL SOCIETY, Strasbourg, IPS, Pg. 120 (abstract).

Brakke, K. E., & Savage-Rumbaugh, E. S. (1991). Early postural behavior in Pan: Influences on development. Infant Behavior and Development, 14, 265-288.

Greenfield, P. M. (1991). Language, tools and brain: The ontogeny and phylogeny of hierarchically organized sequential behavior. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 14, 531-595.

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Hopkins, W. D., & Savage-Rumbaugh, E. S. (1991). Vocal communication as a function of differential rearing experiences in Pan paniscus: A preliminary report. International Journal of Primatology, Vol.12(6), 559-584.

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Romski, M. A., & Sevcik, R. A. (1991). Letter to the Editor: Reply to McNaughton. Augmentative and Alternative Communication, 7(2), 136-137.

Romski, M. A., & Sevcik, R. A. (1991). Patterns of language learning by instruction: Evidence from nonspeaking persons with mental retardation. In N. Krasnegor, D. M. Rumbaugh, R. L. Schiefelbusch, & M. Studdert-Kennedy (Eds.), Biological and Behavioral Determinants of Language Development (pp. 429-445). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.

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Savage-Rumbaugh, E. S. (1991). Language learning in the bonobo: How and why they learn. In N. Krasnegor, D. M. Rumbaugh, R. L. Schiefelbusch, & M. Studdert-Kennedy (Eds.), Biological and Behavioral Determinants of Language Development (pp. 209-233). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.

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Sevcik, R. A., Romski, M. A., & Wilkinson, K. (1991). Roles of graphic symbols in the language acquisition process for persons with severe cognitive disabilities. Augmentative and Alternative Communication, 7, 161-170.

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