Major


Jobs for Philosophy Majors         Listserv        Degree Requirements        Course Scheduling          Phi Sigma Tau

Is Majoring in Philosophy Right for You?

This section of this page was originally written by Kaveh Kamooneh. The data have been updated.

While getting a bachelor's degree in philosophy is not for everyone, it is morethan just for those who want to teach college level philosophy. Studyingphilosophy, aside from the considerable intrinsic pleasures it affords,prepares students for a wide range of careers.

Is majoring in philosophy right for you? Aftergraduating do you want to:
go to law school ?
go to business school?
go to graduate school?
stop going to school and get a job ?

The data below are all collected overa specified time period and in some cases covering relatively few testtakers. Drawing broad conclusions on the basis of what is provided belowmay not be warranted.

Philosophy as preparation forlaw school.

According to data from the LawSchool Admission Council (unpublished, 1999, the most recent data available) there were 71,726 applicantsto at least one of the American Bar Association (ABA) approved law schoolsnationwide for the application year of 1997-8. Their average Law SchoolAdmission Test (LSAT) score was 151.4 and 70.1% of them were admitted toat least one law school.

Below are the figures for the five majors withthe largest volume of applicants for that year.
 
Major# of ApplicantsAverage LSAT scoreRate of Admission
Political Science
12,737
151.4
73.5%
History
4,988
154.1
80.1%
English
4,854
153.8
78.4%
Psychology
4,062
151.8
73.8%
Criminal Justice
3,283
145.0
56.7%

Compare the numbers above with those of philosophymajors below.
 
Philosophy
1,570
156.9
82.4%

up
Philosophyas preparation for business school.

The Graduate ManagementAdmission Council (GMAC), the administrators of the Graduate ManagementAdmission Test (GMAT), in their latest Five-Year Summary (1997-2002), providethe following data for 2001-2002 (the most recent year available).
 
MajorScore
Physics612
Mathematics590
Engineering582
Philosophy573
Government571
Chemistry564
Economics561
History561
English554
Biology554
Statistics553
Computer Sci551
Anthropology548
Law539
Languages536
Political Science535
Humanites--Other534
Architecture533
Finance532
SocialSci--Other523
Science--Other518
Int'lBusiness515
Psychology514
Op Mgmt508
Accounting507
Sociology504
Business Ed502
Fine Arts501
Mgmt Info Sys497
Management489
Education484
Business--Other482
Marketing477
Hotel Admin472

up

Philosophy as preparationfor graduate school in the arts and sciences.

According to data from Educational Testing Service(ETS), the administrators of the Graduate Record Exam (GRE), philosophymajors did better  between July 1, 2001 and June 30, 2004on the combined GRE score than students with every other major except physics/astronomy and mathematics. Compared to other majors, philosophy majors had the highest verbal scores, the highest analytical writing scorces, and the highest quantitative scores of any humanities major. (The data is from the ETS.)
 
Major Verbal Quant V + Q Analytic
Physics/Astronomy 534 738 1272 4.5
Mathematics 502 733 1235 4.4
Philosophy 589 636 1225 5.1
Engineering--Materials 494 729 1223 4.3
Engineering--Chemical 485 727 1212 4.3
Economics 504 706 1210 4.5
Engineering--Other 490 714 1204 4.4
Engineering--Mechanical 467 723 1190 4.2
Engineering--Electrical 461 728 1189 4.1
Business--Banking 476 709 1185 4.3
Computer Science 469 704 1173 4.2
Chemistry 487 682 1169 4.4
Engineering--Civil 457 702 1159 4.2
Arts & Humanities--Other 558 594 1152 4.8
Engineering--Industrial 440 710 1150 4.1
Earth Sciences 495 637 1132 4.4
Biological Sciences 491 632 1123 4.4
Religion 538 583 1121 4.8
Political Science 522 589 1111 4.8
English 559 552 1111 4.9
Arts, History 538 571 1109 4.7
Antropology 532 571 1103 4.7
Foreign Lang & Lit 529 573 1102 4.6
History 543 556 1099 4.8
Architecture 477 614 1091 4.3
Natural Sciences--Other 482 603 1085 4.4
Library Science 533 540 1073 4.5
Education--Secondary 486 577 1063 4.5
Business--Other 450 609 1059 4.1
Agriculture 461 596 1057 4.2
Arts, Performance 489 554 1043 4.3
Sociology 487 545 1032 4.6
Education--Higher 465 548 1013 4.6
Psychology 470 543 1013 4.5
Business--Accounting 415 595 1010 3.9
Education--Curriculum 462 548 1010 4.4
Communications 470 533 1003 4.5
Business--Administration 439 562 1001 4.2
Health & Med Sciences 447 552 999 4.2
Social Sciences--Other 465 528 993 4.4
Education--Eval 451 534 985 4.4
Education--Elementary 443 527 970 4.3
Education--Other 437 531 968 4.2
Public Administration 452 513 965 4.3
Education--Administration 427 523 950 4.2
Education--Special 432 502 934 4.2
Home Economics 435 498 933 4.2
Education--Counseling 428 500 928 4.2
Education--Early Childhood 418 495 913 4.1
Social Work 428 468 896 4.1

up

Jobs for Philosophy Majors

According to an article in the New York Times(April 6, 2008, Education section), the popularity of philosophy as an undergraduate major is increasing. One of the reasons is, according to Matthew Goldstein, the City University of New York chancellor,"philosophy is really the mother ship from which all of these disciplines[humanities or political systems or sciences in general] grow.”

The following article discusses job prospects for liberal arts majors, such as philosophy majors.

Think Your Liberal Arts Degree Won't Get You a Real Job?
THINK AGAIN!

By Laura Raines
Atlanta Journal-Constitution
05/04/07, Pages R1 &R7

Your passion is philosophy, English literature or American history. That's fine for college, but what does it get you in the real world? Are you doomed to a sequence of random, boring and low-paying jobs once you leave the ivory towers behind?

Not if you know how to translate your education into the world of work.

Emory University reports that, historically, more than 90 percent of job postings at its Career Center and on-campus interview opportunities are open to all majors. Recently, a representative from Goldman Sachs made a presentation on why people who major in the liberal arts make great analysts on Wall Street.

"Liberal arts majors are in high demand by the employers who interview on our campus," said Phil Rockwell, a counselor with Georgia State University Career Services. "Companies want employees with good communication skills. They need people who can think critically; who can write and speak well; who can run projects, interact on teams and sell on paper or in person.

"Liberal arts majors can do all those things. Our challenge is to get them to expand their own thinking — to know their values, skills and interests so that they can put their degrees to work."

He encourages students to plug into the university's Panther Career Net, where they can use assessment instruments such as SIGI 3, which links personal values and skills with actual job titles, or the Vault, which also explores education and career pathways.

"There might be 100-plus job titles for the English major who doesn't want to teach, but the student has to do the research," Rockwell said.

His office also sponsors Career Conversations sessions with industry leaders during the year to spark students' imaginations and give insider points on how to get a foot in the door in various career fields.

"Students will tell me that, if they get a degree in math, they'll have to teach, and I tell them, no, you don't! There are so many things you can do, and there is a universe of tools out there to help you find those jobs," Rockwell said.

A Winding Road

While it's a straight shot for an accounting major to seek employment with a corporate accounting firm, the career road for a philosophy or English major likely will have more twists.

Todd Wilson graduated from the University of Georgia with a bachelor of arts in anthropology and a bachelor of science in secondary education with a history emphasis.

"I wasn't sure what I wanted to do, so I thought my best avenue would be teaching. Student-teaching ninth-grade world history was the most rewarding and most depressing thing I've ever done," he said.

Because he didn't graduate during the teacher-hiring season, his 100 teaching applications went unnoticed, but a posting on an Internet jobs board led to a job at a small firm that designs Web sites.

That job was an awkward fit, so Wilson fell back on college editing experience and took a job at ProEdit, where he wrote technical and marketing copy for large corporations. That led to a job with IBM's global innovation services group.

Today, he's an account director with Ant Farm Interactive, a global agency that specializes in Web site and mobile advertising.

"I have a lot of global clients, and it has been enormously helpful to have a varied background," Wilson said. "Anthropology taught me to understand and appreciate differences in cultures and people. History taught me about research and how to analyze materials for their underlying influences, and my teaching courses taught me how to speak in front of a crowd."

Wilson is "thrilled with his education and doesn't regret it for a minute." His advice to liberal arts majors: "Learn to bring everything you study into the real world."

Translating Skills

Joe Bechely, senior account executive in integrated marketing communications with Manning, Selvage & Lee, doesn't believe that anything you learn ever will be a detriment to your career. He advises young people to chase their dreams and follow what they like to do.

Bechely chose to major in American Sign Language interpreting at the University of Tennessee because he loved it. He earned a master's degree in college administration at Florida State University because he liked working with students.

While working as the assistant director of student activities at Emory University, he did a weekly radio segment on around-town activities for Star 94, which led to his hosting a talk show with a startup TV network in Los Angeles. The station went bankrupt about two years ago, but, by then, Bechely knew that he wanted a career in communications.

He was ready when the hiring managers at Manning, Selvage & Lee wanted to know how his experience prepared him for the job.

"What we do here is translating complex ideas into something that people can digest — that's where interpreting comes in," he said. "My job in higher education taught me how to manage people, time and projects, and hosting my own TV show taught me how to sell a project."

He got the job, which he believes is a perfect fit.

"The whole point of a college degree is to prove that you're trainable," Bechely said. "Any employer will teach you the specifics of a job, but you need to show that you know how to learn."

Analytical Thinking

Having a degree in history and political science from Emory University made him more willing to listen and learn in all of his jobs, said Lee Bradley, managing director of SAMCO Capital Markets Inc.

"I didn't start out with any preconceived notions about business, so in new situations I was adaptable and open-minded. I'd rather hire someone with a liberal arts degree, because they don't know everything, but they know how to think analytically," Bradley said.

Joe Bechely earned a bachelor's degree in American Sign Language interpreting; he now "interprets" complicated ideas as a senior account executive in integrated marketing communications with Manning, Selvage & Lee.

He planned to go to law school, but he took corporate and business jobs. When an aunt left him $10,000, he started investing in stocks.

Bradley was running his own boutique brokerage when a client asked him to help raise money for a community bank in Savannah. In the last 20 years, he's become the "Johnny Appleseed of banking," raising investment capital to start 122 banks in 20 states. In 2005, he merged his company with SAMCO.

"I'm still doing the same thing; I just have more resources. I love working in different communities, and this job allows me to meet some of the most fabulous people," he said.

He advises liberal arts majors to get a good education and stay open-minded about where they might end up in the real world.

Major is Minor

Students think that their GPAs and majors are the most important factors to employers, Rockwell said, but skills and initiative are what the job market requires. A National Association of Colleges and Employers survey showed that what companies want most from new college graduates are communication skills, motivation/initiative, teamwork, leadership, flexibility, technical skills and interpersonal skills.

Liberal arts students often have more transferable skills than they realize, but it's up to them to recognize their strengths and be able to articulate them. Unless you help him or her, the hiring manager may never make the leap from your study of cultural anthropology to your ability to size up a business market.

The challenge, say career coaches, is that too many new graduates don't know how to make that leap.

George DuPuy, dean of the School of Business Management at Shorter College's satellite campus in Atlanta, became interested in career coaching for students in the 1980s, when he realized that even business majors didn't have a clue about the job search process.

Seeing too many bright kids graduate without jobs, return home to live with their parents and take the first jobs that offered them paychecks, DuPuy wrote "Career Preparation: Transition Guide for College Students" (Prentice Hall, 2003).

According to a Money magazine article in January, this phenomenon is so common that social scientists have dubbed it "adultolescence." More than 65 percent of college graduates return home to live for five years or more after graduation, compared with 53 percent in 2002.

DuPuy recently founded Career Launch (www.welaunchcareers.com), an Atlanta consulting firm that specializes in helping college students and graduates find fulfilling careers.

"Before they graduate, students need to figure out who they are by using personal assessment tools to discover their strengths, weaknesses, abilities and interests," DuPuy said. "That way, when they research the world of work, they'll have a better idea of what occupations are a good fit."

DuPuy shows students how to look at courses from the perspective of skills acquired. He coaches them in the use of networking and informational interviews to find jobs and narrow down career choices. Students are more successful when they focus on career paths, rather than interviewing with every possible employer, he said.

DuPuy believes internships are a valuable tool, because they provide students with looks at real jobs, help them narrow down career selections and can lead to job offers, if the students impress their bosses.

"When they see the real work environment, not the TV version, they can tailor their résumés to what they want to do and market themselves aggressively to specific industries or companies," DuPuy said.

Far from useless or unmarketable, your liberal arts degree can lead to a range of job titles — not just "waiter," as the old joke states. The key is to move beyond your specific knowledge of Shakespeare and Plato to sell the benefits of your broad-based education.

If you can argue that four years of papers, projects, activities and interpersonal relationships taught you how to think and solve problems, you're well on your way to being a good investment for employers.


Consultation

Prospective majors are urged to consult with Dr. Eddy Nahmias, the Director ofUndergraduate Studies, or any other member of the faculty inorder toprepare the course of study most appropriate to their individual interests and needs. All majorsplanning to attend graduate school should consult closely with their advisers concerning coursesappropriate for their anticipated graduate programs. Dr. Nahmias' e-mail address is enahmias(at)gsu.edu and his postal address is Department of Philosophy, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia30303-3083, Phone: (404) 413-6117, Fax: (404) 413-6124.


Listserv

The department's primary means of communication with philosophy majors is the philosophy majors listserv. All philosophy majors must subscribe to this listserv. Other interested individuals are welcome to subscribe.

FAQ: What is a listserv?

A listserv is a similar to a copier. When one sends a message to a listserv, it is copied and sent to everyone who is a subscriber to the listserv.

FAQ: How do I subscribe to the philosophy majors listserv?

Go to mailbox.gsu.edu/mailman/listinfo/philmajor and follow the directions you will find there.

Messages will go to the address from which subscribe so you need to resubscribe every time you change e-mail addresses.


Requirements for the Major


Area B Recommendation

The Department strongly recommends that students take Phil 1010, Critical Thinking, in Area B.

Area F Courses Appropriate to the Major

(18 semester hours)

1. Required Courses (9)
Phil 2010 Great Questions of Philosophy (3)
Phil 2050 Philosophical Thinking (3)
For. Lang. 1002 Elementary Foreign Language 11 (3)

2. Recommended Courses (6)
For. Lang. 2001 Intermediate Foreign Language 1 (3)
For. Lang. 2002 Intermediate Foreign Language 11 (3)

3. Additional 1000/2000-level courses from core curriculum Areas B, C,D, or Eto complete the 18 hours required in Area F. (3-9)


Major Courses

(24 semester hours)
A grade of "C" or better is required in all major courses.

To satisfy the requirement for the B.A. degree with a major inphilosophy, students must take a total of 24 semester hours in philosophycourses at the 3000 level or above, including the following distributionrequirements:

1. History of Philosophy Requirements (6)
Phil 3010 History of Western Philosophy I: Ancient and Medieval(3)
Phil 3020 History of Western Philosophy II: Modern(3)

2. Ethics Requirements: Select at least one of the following courses.(3)
Phil 3720 Contemporary Moral Problems (3)
Phil 3730 Business Ethics (3)
Phil 4700 Ethics (3)

3 . Elective in Metaphysics, Epistemology, or Philosophy of Mind: Selectat least one of the following courses. (3)
Phil 4090 Topics in Continental Philosophy (Formerly Phil 4190.) (3)
Phil 4100 Epistemology. (Formerly Phil 4420.) (3)
Phil 4130 Philosophy of Science (Formerly Phil 4430.) (3)
Phil 4330 Philosophy of Mind (Formerly Phil 4440.) (3)
Phil 4300 Metaphysics (Formerly Phil 4600) (3)
Phil 4530 Philosophy of Language (Formerly Phil 4400.) (3)

Students preparing to apply to philosophy Ph.D. programs are encouraged to take the following courses while completing the normal requirements:
Phil 4100 Epistemology (Formerly Phil 4420.) (3)
Phil 4300 Metaphysics (Formerly Phil 4600) (3)
Phil 4520 Symbolic Logic (3)
Phil 4700 Ethics (3)
Developing a relationship with one or more professors so that they know you well and can write good letters of recommendation is also an excellent idea.


Course Scheduling

In an effort to assist majors in planning their schedules, the department offers certain high-demand courses on a regular schedule. While the department cannot guarantee that the schedule below will always be followed, the department will do everything humanly possible to follow it.

Phil 1010, Critical Thinking (Formerly Phil 2410)--Fall, Spring and Summer Semesters
Phil 2010, Great Questions of Philosophy--Fall, Spring and Summer Semesters
Phil 2050, Philosophical Thinking--Fall and Spring Semesters
Phil 3010, History of Western Philosophy I, Ancient and Medieval--Fall, Spring and Summer Semesters
Phil 3020, History of Western Philosophy II, Modern--Fall and Spring Semesters
Phil 4100, Epistemology (Formerly Phil 4420)--Fall Semesters
Phil 4300, Metaphysics (Formerly Phil 4600)--Spring Semesters
Phil 4520, Symbolic Logic--Fall Semesters
Phil 4700, Ethics--Spring Semesters
Phil 4820, Philosophy of Law--Spring Semesters